Chronic Exposure to an Environmentally Relevant Triclosan Concentration Induces Persistent Triclosan Resistance but Reversible Antibiotic Tolerance in Escherichia coli

Environmental Science & Technology
Mingzhu LiChengdong Zhang

Abstract

The major concern regarding the biocide triclosan (TCS) stems from its potential coselection for antibiotic resistance. However, environmental impacts are often investigated using high concentrations and acute exposure, while predicted releases are typified by chronic low concentrations. Moreover, little information is available regarding the reversibility of TCS and derived antibiotic resistance with diminishing TCS usage. Here, the model Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli was exposed to 0.01 mg/L TCS continuously for more than 100 generations. The adapted cells gained considerable resistance to TCS as indicated by a significant increase in the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC50) from 0.034 to 0.581 mg/L. This adaptive evolution was attributed to overexpression and mutation of target genes (i.e., fabI) as evidenced by transcriptomic and genomic analyses. However, only mild tolerance to various antibiotics was observed, possibly due to reduced membrane permeability and biofilm formation. After TCS exposure ceased, the adapted cells showed persistent resistance to TCS due to inheritable genetic mutations, whereas their antibiotic tolerance declined over time. Our results suggest that extensive use of TCS may promote t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 22, 2020·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part C, Toxicology and Carcinogenesis·Prabin ShresthaTit-Yee Wong
Oct 4, 2020·Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control·Weiliang ZengJianming Cao
Oct 31, 2020·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Zibo LinQiyan Feng
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Feb 17, 2021·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Hanpeng LiaoYong-Guan Zhu
Aug 13, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Hebin LiangBing Li
Sep 23, 2020·Environmental Science & Technology·Qiurong ZhangChengdong Zhang

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