Chronic intermittent hypoxia alters density of aminergic terminals and receptors in the hypoglossal motor nucleus.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Irma RukhadzeLeszek Kubin

Abstract

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) adapt to the anatomical vulnerability of their upper airway by generating increased activity in upper airway-dilating muscles during wakefulness. Norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) mediate, through α₁-adrenergic and 5-HT₂A receptors, a wake-related excitatory drive to upper airway motoneurons. In patients with OSA, this drive is necessary to maintain their upper airway open. We tested whether chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), a major pathogenic factor of OSA, affects aminergic innervation of XII motoneurons that innervate tongue-protruding muscles in a manner that could alter their airway-dilatory action. To determine the impact of CIH on neurochemical markers of NE and 5-HT innervation of the XII nucleus. NE and 5-HT terminal varicosities and α₁-adrenergic and 5-HT₂A receptors were immunohistochemically visualized and quantified in the XII nucleus in adult rats exposed to CIH or room air exchanges for 10 h/d for 34 to 40 days. CIH-exposed rats had approximately 40% higher density of NE terminals and approximately 20% higher density of 5-HT terminals in the ventromedial quadrant of the XII nucleus, the region that controls tongue protruder muscles, than sham-treated rats. XII ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 11, 2012·Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR·Mary BehanNadine P Connor
Oct 22, 2011·Journal of Applied Physiology·Georg M StettnerLeszek Kubin
Jun 7, 2011·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Babak Mokhlesi, David Gozal
Feb 1, 2013·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Kate Benincasa HerrLeszek Kubin
Jun 19, 2013·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Jan-Marino RamirezNanduri R Prabhakar
Jun 18, 2017·Journal of Applied Physiology·Naomi L DeaconPeter G Catcheside
Sep 21, 2013·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·T Luise KingEileen M Hasser
May 2, 2017·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Najib T AyasAllan I Pack
Sep 27, 2018·Frontiers in Neurology·Irma Rukhadze, Victor B Fenik

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