Chronic Ketogenic Low Carbohydrate High Fat Diet Has Minimal Effects on Acid-Base Status in Elite Athletes

Nutrients
Amelia J CarrLouise M Burke

Abstract

Although short (up to 3 days) exposure to major shifts in macronutrient intake appears to alter acid-base status, the effects of sustained (>1 week) interventions in elite athletes has not been determined. Using a non-randomized, parallel design, we examined the effect of adaptations to 21 days of a ketogenic low carbohydrate high fat (LCHF) or periodized carbohydrate (PCHO) diet on pre- and post-exercise blood pH, and concentrations of bicarbonate (HCO₃-) and lactate (La-) in comparison to a high carbohydrate (HCHO) control. Twenty-four (17 male and 7 female) elite-level race walkers completed 21 days of either LCHF (n = 9), PCHO (n = 7), or HCHO (n = 8) under controlled diet and training conditions. At baseline and post-intervention, blood pH, blood [HCO₃-], and blood [La-] were measured before and after a graded exercise test. Net endogenous acid production (NEAP) over the previous 48-72 h was also calculated from monitored dietary intake. LCHF was not associated with significant differences in blood pH, [HCO₃-], or [La-], compared with the HCHO diet pre- or post-exercise, despite a significantly higher NEAP (mEq·day-1) (95% CI = [10.44; 36.04]). Our results indicate that chronic dietary interventions are unlikely to influen...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

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Citations

Sep 29, 2019·Nutrients·Kristin L HarveyStephen C Kolwicz
Jun 24, 2020·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Caitlin P Bailey, Erin Hennessy
Aug 28, 2021·Nutrients·Domenico Di RaimondoAntonino Tuttolomondo

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Software Mentioned

R package lme4
R package car
NEAP

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