Chronic Psychological Distress as an Inducer of Microglial Activation and Leukocyte Recruitment into the Area Postrema

Neuroimmunomodulation
Alejandra Vargas-CaraveoAlejandro Martínez-Martínez

Abstract

Chronic psychological distress can cause neuroinflammation, but the involvement of leukocytes in this inflammatory response remains unclear. The area postrema (AP) is considered a neural-immune interface because it lacks a blood-brain barrier and a site for leukocyte recruitment in neuroinflammatory conditions induced by immunological insults, but its role in chronic psychological distress has not been explored. To determine leukocyte recruitment to the AP after chronic psychological distress. Rats were exposed to cat odor for 5 consecutive days to induce distress, and, on the 6th day, their brains were dissected to perform immunohistofluorescence studies of the AP. Immune cells were identified and quantified with CD45 and CD11b markers. The distribution of neurons and immune cells was determined using TrkA and CD45 markers, respectively. Distress induced a significant increase in CD45(+) and CD11b(+) cells in the AP. Three immunophenotypes were determined in the control and distress groups: CD45(+)/CD11b(-), CD45(+)/CD11b(+) and CD45(-)/CD11b(+). CD expression, morphology and fluorescence intensity enabled the identification of different immune cell types: starting from longitudinal ramified microglia (mainly in the control gr...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 23, 2017·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Zhewu WangM Rita I Young
Sep 25, 2018·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·María P Ibañez RodriguezEstela M Muñoz
Jun 20, 2020·Scientific Reports·Mariana GrigoruţăAlejandro Martínez-Martínez
Jun 1, 2021·PeerJ·Raquel González-FernándezAlejandro Martínez-Martínez
Jun 10, 2021·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Emily AllgireRenu Sah

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