Chytridiomycosis causes catastrophic organism-wide metabolic dysregulation including profound failure of cellular energy pathways

Scientific Reports
Laura F GroganJoel P A Gummer

Abstract

Chytridiomycosis is among several recently emerged fungal diseases of wildlife that have caused decline or extinction of naïve populations. Despite recent advances in understanding pathogenesis, host response to infection remains poorly understood. Here we modelled a total of 162 metabolites across skin and liver tissues of 61 frogs from four populations (three long-exposed and one naïve to the fungus) of the Australian alpine tree frog (Litoria verreauxii alpina) throughout a longitudinal exposure experiment involving both infected and negative control individuals. We found that chytridiomycosis dramatically altered the organism-wide metabolism of clinically diseased frogs. Chytridiomycosis caused catastrophic failure of normal homeostatic mechanisms (interruption of biosynthetic and degradation metabolic pathways), and pronounced dysregulation of cellular energy metabolism. Key intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle were markedly depleted, including in particular α-ketoglutarate and glutamate that together constitute a key nutrient pathway for immune processes. This study was the first to apply a non-targeted metabolomics approach to a fungal wildlife disease and specifically to dissect the host-pathogen interface of B...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 27, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Laura F GroganHamish I McCallum
Oct 23, 2020·Journal of Fungi·Laura F GroganHamish I McCallum
Dec 18, 2020·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·Raquel F SallaLuís F Toledo
Aug 13, 2021·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Laura A BrannellyLaura F Grogan
Sep 14, 2021·Molecular Ecology·Evan A EskewBrooke Maslo

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCA

Software Mentioned

Dryad
DA
SPSS
Omics Dashboard
Significance Analysis of Microarrays ( SAM
Metaboanalyst
ggplot2 R package
R
AnalyzerPro
ggplot2 R

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