Cigalike electronic nicotine delivery systems e-liquids contain variable levels of metals.

Scientific Reports
Heather M NeuSarah L J Michel

Abstract

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are prefilled, battery-operated products intended to deliver nicotine to the user via an inhaled complex aerosol formed by heating a liquid composed of propylene glycol and glycerol, also referred to as vegetable glycerin and collectively called e-liquid, that contains nicotine and various flavor ingredients. Since their introduction in 2006, the number of ENDS on the market has increased exponentially. Despite their growing ubiquity, the possible health risks associated with ENDS use remain poorly understood. One potential concern is the presence of toxic metals in the e-liquid and aerosol. Herein, we report the evaluation of the metal content in the e-liquids from a series of commercially available cigalike ENDS brands (various flavors) determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) following e-liquid extraction. Each brand of cigalike ENDS was purchased at least three times at retail outlets in the Baltimore, Maryland metropolitan region over a period of six months (September 2017 to February 2018). This allowed for comparison of batch-to-batch variability. Several potentially toxic metals, including lead, chromium, copper, and nickel were detected in the e-...Continue Reading

References

Jul 9, 2005·Environmental Health Perspectives·Bruce P LanphearRussell Roberts
Dec 23, 2006·Cancer Causes & Control : CCC·Stephanie A Navarro Silvera, Thomas E Rohan
Aug 1, 2008·Archives of Toxicology·Sandra V VerstraetenPatricia I Oteiza
Dec 10, 2009·Archives of General Psychiatry·Maryse F BouchardMarc G Weisskopf
Mar 8, 2013·Tobacco Control·Maciej Lukasz GoniewiczNeal Benowitz
Apr 16, 2014·Tobacco Control·Christopher J Brown, James M Cheng
May 20, 2015·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Konstantinos E FarsalinosKonstantinos Poulas
Sep 26, 2015·PloS One·Monique WilliamsPrue Talbot
Dec 1, 2015·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Jason W FloraWillie J McKinney
Jan 9, 2016·Biophysical Journal·Jack H Kaplan, Edward B Maryon
Apr 22, 2016·Reviews on Environmental Health·Aziemah ZulkifliAnita Abd Rahman
May 6, 2016·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Vladimir B MikheevPamela I Clark
Nov 5, 2016·Environmental Research·Catherine Ann HessAna Maria Rule
Dec 5, 2016·American Journal of Preventive Medicine·Allison M GlasserAndrea C Villanti
Dec 23, 2016·Current Drug Discovery Technologies·Mohini MittalRavindra K Rawal
Apr 1, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Daniela SaittaRiccardo Polosa
Oct 27, 2017·Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery·Joseph M Collaco, Sharon A McGrath-Morrow
Dec 16, 2017·The American Journal of Medicine·Brian A PrimackMichael J Fine
Jan 20, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Zachary R DunbarMark J Travers
Feb 23, 2018·Environmental Health Perspectives·Pablo OlmedoAna M Rule
Mar 10, 2018·Biometals : an International Journal on the Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry, and Medicine·V PetrosinoD Testa
Mar 14, 2018·Journal of Medical Internet Research·Greta HsuShu-Hong Zhu
Aug 15, 2018·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Adam ProkopowiczLeon Kośmider
Sep 17, 2018·Tobacco Control·Divya RamamurthiRobert K Jackler
Oct 10, 2018·Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·Natalie H MatthewsEunyoung Cho
Dec 14, 2018·MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report·Gabriella M AnicKatrina F Trivers
Feb 23, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Sébastien LhommeJacques Izopet

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

Software Mentioned

Mass Hunter
VUSE Solo
VUSE Vibe
Agilent

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.