Circadian Plasticity in the Brain of Insects and Rodents

Frontiers in Neural Circuits
Wojciech KrzeptowskiElzbieta M Pyza

Abstract

In both vertebrate and invertebrate brains, neurons, glial cells and synapses are plastic, which means that the physiology and structure of these components are modified in response to internal and external stimuli during development and in mature brains. The term plasticity has been introduced in the last century to describe experience-dependent changes in synapse strength and number. These changes result from local functional and morphological synapse modifications; however, these modifications also occur more commonly in pre- and postsynaptic neurons. As a result, neuron morphology and neuronal networks are constantly modified during the life of animals and humans in response to different stimuli. Nevertheless, it has been discovered in flies and mammals that the number of synapses and size and shape of neurons also oscillate during the day. In most cases, these rhythms are circadian since they are generated by endogenous circadian clocks; however, some rhythmic changes in neuron morphology and synapse number and structure are controlled directly by environmental cues or by both external cues and circadian clocks. When the circadian clock is involved in generating cyclic changes in the nervous system, this type of plasticity...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 25, 2020·PloS One·Jianzheng HeHenrike Scholz
Jun 20, 2020·PLoS Biology·Catalina Valdés-BaizabalManuel S Malmierca
Aug 2, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Constance PierreSylvie Rétaux
Jul 28, 2020·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Matthew J Hartsock, Robert L Spencer
Oct 30, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Malgorzata JasinskaJan A Litwin
Jan 19, 2021·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Daymara Mercerón-MartínezAdrian G Palacios
Mar 2, 2021·Journal of Biological Rhythms·Myra AhmadDeniz Top
May 11, 2020·Current Biology : CB·Maria P FernandezOrie T Shafer
Aug 5, 2020·Current Biology : CB·François Rouyer, Abhishek Chatterjee

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transmission electron microscopy

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