Circulating DNA in solid organ cancers-analysis and clinical application

QJM : Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians
E Karampini, F McCaughan

Abstract

Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is that fraction of circulating DNA that is derived from a patient's cancer. For a number of years, patients with haematological malignancies have had their disease diagnosed or monitored using tests based on detecting specific cytological or molecular biomarkers in blood. It has long been appreciated that the more common epithelial malignancies also shed DNA into the blood and that this tumour-derived DNA generally contributes a minor percentage of the overall cell-free DNA burden in peripheral blood. The biotech revolution has transformed our ability to detect, quantify and interpret genetic events. This has led to a renewed interest in the potential of using a simple blood test to both diagnose cancer and longitudinally monitor the response to medical interventions in patients with solid organ malignancies.In this review we provide a summary of the literature to date and describe the main attributes of the current analytical approaches to ctDNA. We then focus on the potential clinical applications. There is increasing evidence to support the routine analysis of ctDNA in clinical decision-making for certain subgroups of patients with so-called hotspot mutations, particularly in lung and colorect...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 21, 2016·Journal of Thoracic Oncology : Official Publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer·Sarah CargninSalvatore Terrazzino
Jul 25, 2019·Angewandte Chemie·Jagotamoy Das, Shana O Kelley
Aug 6, 2017·The Oncologist·Karen-Lise G SpindlerAnders Jakobsen
Sep 24, 2018·Journal of Ovarian Research·Katarina KalavskaMichal Mego
Dec 28, 2019·Genes·Mariarita BrancaccioTiziana Angrisano

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