Circulation of Highly Drug-Resistant Clostridium difficile Ribotypes 027 and 001 in Two Tertiary-Care Hospitals in Mexico

Microbial Drug Resistance : MDR : Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Disease
Adrián Martínez-MeléndezElvira Garza-González

Abstract

To assess drug susceptibility and characterize Clostridium difficile ribotypes in isolates from two tertiary-care hospitals in Mexico. Isolates were evaluated for genotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and detection of mutations associated with drug resistance. PCR ribotyping was performed using a combination of gel-based and capillary electrophoresis-based approaches. MIC50 and MIC90 were ≥128 mg/L for ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and rifampicin. There was no reduced susceptibility to metronidazole or tetracycline; however, reduced susceptibility to vancomycin (≥4 mg/L) and fidaxomicin (≥2 mg/L) was detected in 50 (40.3%) and 4 (3.2%) isolates, respectively. Furthermore, the rpoB Arg505Lys mutation was more frequently detected in isolates with high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to rifampicin (≥32 mg/L) (OR = 52.5; 95% CI = 5.17-532.6; p < 0.000). Of the 124 C. difficile isolates recovered, 84 (66.7%) were of ribotype 027, 18 (14.5%) of ribotype 001, and the remainder were other ribotypes (353, 255, 220, 208, 176, 106, 076, 020, 019, 017, 014, 012, 003, and 002). Ribotypes 027 and 001 were the most frequent C. difficile isolates recovered in this study, and demonstrated higher MICs. Furthermore, ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 15, 2021·Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica·Adrián Martínez-MeléndezElvira Garza-González
May 27, 2021·Microbial Drug Resistance : MDR : Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Disease·Adrián Martínez-MeléndezElvira Garza-González
Jun 8, 2021·Revista de gastroenterología de México·R Contreras-OmañaJ A Velarde-Ruiz Velasco
Jun 24, 2021·Revista De Gastroenterología De México·R Contreras-OmañaJ A Velarde-Ruiz Velasco

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis
ribotyping

Software Mentioned

Basic Local Alignment Search Tool ( BLAST )

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