Citrus Viroids: Symptom Expression and Effect on Vegetative Growth and Yield of Clementine Trees Grafted on Trifoliate Orange

Plant Disease
C VernièreN Duran Vila

Abstract

Citrus are natural hosts of five viroid species: Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), Citrus bent leaf viroid (CBLVd), Hop stunt viroid (HSVd), Citrus viroid III (CVd-III), and Citrus viroid IV (CVd-IV). CEVd and specific sequence variants of HSVd are the causal agents of the wellknown diseases of citrus, exocortis and cachexia. Other viroids have been found to induce different degrees of stunting. Since commercial citrus trees are commonly infected with mixtures of these viroids, only limited information is available on their effect in species other than Etrog citron. A field assay was conducted to establish the effect of each viroid on Commune clementine trees grafted on Pomeroy trifoliate orange. Infected trees were periodically monitored over a 12-year period (1990 to 2002) for symptom expression, growth, and fruit yield. Only CEVd caused bark scaling on the trifoliate orange rootstock and marked dwarfing, both characteristic of exocortis disease as initially described. In addition, very conspicuous bumps were observed in the wood of the rootstock after removing the bark. Only those HSVd variants, previously characterized as pathogenic in several cachexia-sensitive species, induced pits and gum deposits characteristic of this di...Continue Reading

References

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Mar 3, 2004·Archives of Virology·A Palacio-BielsaN Duran-Vila
Oct 24, 2008·Phytopathology·K Reanwarakorn, J S Semancik

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Citations

Nov 16, 2012·The Journal of General Virology·Matilde TessitoriFrancesco Di Serio
Jul 1, 2009·Archives of Virology·N MurciaNúria Duran-Vila
Jul 1, 2005·Plant Disease·C J BarbosaN Duran-Vila
Mar 16, 2019·Viruses·Núria Duran-Vila
Mar 17, 2017·Journal of Virological Methods·Fatima OsmanGeorgios Vidalakis

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