Citywide cluster randomized trial to restore blighted vacant land and its effects on violence, crime, and fear.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Charles C BranasJohn M MacDonald

Abstract

Vacant and blighted urban land is a widespread and potentially risky environmental condition encountered by millions of people on a daily basis. About 15% of the land in US cities is deemed vacant or abandoned, an area roughly the size of Switzerland. In a citywide cluster randomized controlled trial, we investigated the effects of standardized, reproducible interventions that restore vacant land on the commission of violence, crime, and the perceptions of fear and safety. Quantitative and ethnographic analyses were included in a mixed-methods approach to more fully test and explicate our findings. A total of 541 randomly sampled vacant lots were randomly assigned into treatment and control study arms; outcomes from police and 445 randomly sampled participants were analyzed over a 38-month study period. Participants living near treated vacant lots reported significantly reduced perceptions of crime (-36.8%, P < 0.05), vandalism (-39.3%, P < 0.05), and safety concerns when going outside their homes (-57.8%, P < 0.05), as well as significantly increased use of outside spaces for relaxing and socializing (75.7%, P < 0.01). Significant reductions in crime overall (-13.3%, P < 0.01), gun violence (-29.1%, P < 0.001), burglary (-21.9...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

May 10, 2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Roberta Kwok
Nov 30, 2018·American Journal of Public Health·Ruth MoyerCharles C Branas
Mar 8, 2019·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Paul M ReepingCharles C Branas
Nov 15, 2019·American Journal of Public Health·Elizabeth D NesoffSilvia S Martins
Nov 7, 2019·Journal of Community Health·David T LardierPauline Garcia-Reid
Oct 23, 2019·Prevention Science : the Official Journal of the Society for Prevention Research·Elizabeth D NesoffC Debra M Furr-Holden
Feb 15, 2020·Critical Care Medicine·Elinore J Kaufman, Therese S Richmond
Nov 2, 2019·Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology·Philipp S BaumannPhilippe Conus
Jan 7, 2020·Annual Review of Public Health·Jonathan PurtleMichael Yudell
Aug 31, 2019·Injury Prevention : Journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention·Jonathan Jay
Jul 22, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Eugenia C SouthRaina M Merchant
May 31, 2020·International Journal of Health Geographics·Jesse J PlascakStephen J Mooney
Aug 2, 2019·Journal of Behavioral Medicine·Jonathan JayDavid Hemenway
Mar 17, 2020·Innovation in Aging·Steven M Albert
Aug 25, 2020·The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery·Ryan PhillipsSteven Moulton
Apr 18, 2019·Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine·Leah H SchinasiAnneclaire J De Roos
Sep 14, 2019·Journal of Interpersonal Violence·April M ZeoliJason Goldstick
Dec 19, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Mardelle ShepleyKati Peditto
Mar 29, 2020·Nature Communications·Christa KelleherWilliam Shuster
May 31, 2018·Alcohol and Alcoholism : International Journal of the Medical Council on Alcoholism·Jason E GoldstickRebecca M Cunningham
Oct 8, 2019·Health Affairs·Bernadette C HohlCharles C Branas
Aug 26, 2020·Health & Place·Sandhya KajeepetaChristopher N Morrison
Feb 1, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Robert J BlountDonald G Catanzaro
Apr 8, 2021·Sleep Medicine Reviews·Stephanie L MayneAriel A Williamson
Dec 22, 2020·Annals of Emergency Medicine·Eugenia C SouthDouglas Wiebe
Jan 1, 2020·Annual Review of Criminology·Charles C LanfearLindsey R Beach
Sep 16, 2020·Health & Place·Lallen T Johnson, Tayler Shreve
Jun 5, 2021·Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53·Patrick M CarterRebecca M Cunningham
Apr 3, 2021·The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery·August HoughtonSharven Taghavi
Jul 10, 2021·Journal of Behavioral Medicine·Rebeccah L SokolPatrick M Carter
Aug 2, 2021·American Journal of Community Psychology·Cassidy J BurtMarc A Zimmerman
Oct 27, 2020·Pediatric Emergency Care·Katie A DonnellyMonika K Goyal

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