PMID: 8599267Jan 1, 1995Paper

Classes of tissue hypoxia

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum
O Siggaard-AndersenI H Gøthgen

Abstract

We identify eight causes of tissue hypoxia, falling into three classes, A, B, and C, depending upon the effect on the critical mixed venous pO2 and the optimal oxygen consumption rate. The critical mixed venous pO2 is the value above which the oxygen consumption rate is optimal and independent of the mixed venous pO2 and below which the oxygen consumption rate decreases towards zero. Class A hypoxia: primary decrease in mixed venous pO2. Causes: 1) ischaemic hypoxia (decrease in cardiac output), 2) low-extractivity hypoxia (decrease in oxygen extraction tension, px). Class B hypoxia: primary increase in critical mixed venous pO2. Causes: 1) shunt hypoxia (increased a-v shunting), 2) dysperfusion hypoxia (increased diffusion length from erythrocytes to mitochondria and/or decreased total capillary endothelial diffusion area, e.g., tissue oedema, microembolism), 3) histotoxic hypoxia (inhibition of the cytochrome chain). Class C hypoxia: primary increase in optimal oxygen consumption rate. Causes: 1) uncoupling hypoxia (uncoupling of the ATP formation associated with O2 reduction), 2) hypermetabolic hypoxia (increased energy metabolism, e.g., due to hyperthermia).

References

Jan 1, 1990·Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. Supplementum·O Siggaard-Andersen, M Siggaard-Andersen
Jan 1, 1987·Intensive Care Medicine·P T Schumacker, S M Cain
Jul 1, 1995·Critical Care Medicine·O Siggaard-AndersenV H Larsen
Jan 1, 1995·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum·M Siggaard-Andersen, O Siggaard-Andersen

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Citations

May 25, 2001·Current Opinion in Critical Care·M Alvarez del Castillo
Jan 1, 1995·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum·M Siggaard-Andersen, O Siggaard-Andersen
Jan 1, 1995·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum·O Siggaard-Andersen, I H Gøthgen
Jun 11, 2014·Journal of Neurotrauma·Celeste DiasMarek Czosnyka
Apr 10, 2008·Intensive Care Medicine·Peter J D AndrewsUNKNOWN Neuro-Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (NICEM) Section of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine
Jun 18, 2014·Wound Repair and Regeneration : Official Publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society·Mette A SørensenStine Jacobsen
May 2, 2003·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·Irén KrassóiJulius Gy Papp
Mar 13, 2014·Equine Veterinary Journal·J A E Hubbell, W W Muir
Sep 18, 2016·Neurosurgery Clinics of North America·Christos Lazaridis, Claudia S Robertson
Aug 12, 2004·Neuroreport·Meng-Fai KuoHuei-Shyong Wang
Jun 10, 2004·Critical Care Medicine·Nino Stocchetti, Luca Longhi
Jul 14, 2011·Nature Reviews. Neurology·J Claude HemphillMichael De Georgia
Mar 24, 2007·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·I H Gøthgen
Oct 15, 2005·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·D A GodoyC Puppo
Feb 5, 2014·Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology·Fuat ArikanJuan Sahuquillo
Aug 5, 2017·Frontiers in Neurology·Daniel Agustín GodoyFrancisco Murillo-Cabezas

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