Clathrin-independent endocytosis: from nonexisting to an extreme degree of complexity

Histochemistry and Cell Biology
Kirsten SandvigBo van Deurs

Abstract

Today it is generally accepted that there are several endocytic mechanisms, both the clathrin-dependent one and mechanisms which operate without clathrin and with different requirements when it comes to dynamin, small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho family and specific lipids. It should be noted that clathrin-independent endocytosis can occur even when the cholesterol level in the membrane has been reduced to so low levels that caveolae are gone and clathrin-coated membrane areas are flat. Although new investigators in the field take it for granted that there is a multitude of entry mechanisms, it has taken a long time for this to become accepted. However, more work needs to be done, because one can still ask the question: How many endocytic mechanisms does a cell have, what are their function, and how are they regulated? This article describes some of the history of endocytosis research and attempts to give an overview of the complexity of the mechanisms and their regulation.

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Citations

Feb 22, 2008·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Kirstine RoepstorffBo van Deurs
Mar 6, 2008·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Yasuo UchiyamaMitsuho Sasaki
May 9, 2009·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Elena BogdanovicDaniel J Dumont
Dec 1, 2009·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Wolfgang-Moritz Heupel, Detlev Drenckhahn
Jun 15, 2013·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Kirsten SandvigTove Irene Klokk
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Dec 3, 2009·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Kirsten SandvigMaria L Torgersen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nucleotide exchange
GTPase
fluorescence recovery after photobleaching

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