Clinical and preclinical evidence of sex-related differences in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity

Biology of Sex Differences
Becky MeinersBeshay N Zordoky

Abstract

Anthracyclines are very effective chemotherapeutic agents that are widely used to treat pediatric and adult cancer patients. Unfortunately, the clinical utility of anthracyclines is limited by cardiotoxicity. There are several established risk factors for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC), including total cumulative dose, very young and very old age, concomitant use of other cardiotoxic agents, and concurrent mediastinal radiation. However, the role of sex as a risk factor for AIC is not well defined. In pediatric cancer patients, most studies support the notion that female sex is a significant risk factor for AIC. Conversely, there is anecdotal evidence that female sex protects against AIC in adult cancer patients. The lack of consistency in study designs and the different definitions of cardiotoxicity preclude reaching consensus regarding the role of sex as a risk factor for AIC in both pediatric and adult cancer patients. Therefore, more clinical research using reliable techniques such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is needed to determine if there truly are sex differences in AIC. In adult preclinical rodent studies, however, there is unequivocal evidence that female sex confers significant protection against...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Marianne K O GrantBeshay N Zordoky
Feb 21, 2019·PloS One·Marianne K O GrantBeshay N Zordoky
Jul 10, 2020·PloS One·Marianne K O GrantBeshay N Zordoky
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