Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms of High-Protein Diet-Induced Weight Loss

Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome
Jaecheol Moon, Gwanpyo Koh

Abstract

Several clinical trials have found that consuming more protein than the recommended dietary allowance not only reduces body weight (BW), but also enhances body composition by decreasing fat mass while preserving fat-free mass (FFM) in both low-calorie and standard-calorie diets. Fairly long-term clinical trials of 6-12 months reported that a high-protein diet (HPD) provides weight-loss effects and can prevent weight regain after weight loss. HPD has not been reported to have adverse effects on health in terms of bone density or renal function in healthy adults. Among gut-derived hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1, cholecystokinin, and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine reduce appetite, while ghrelin enhances appetite. HPD increases these anorexigenic hormone levels while decreasing orexigenic hormone levels, resulting in increased satiety signaling and, eventually, reduced food intake. Additionally, elevated dietinduced thermogenesis (DIT), increased blood amino acid concentration, increased hepatic gluconeogenesis, and increased ketogenesis caused by higher dietary protein contribute to increased satiety. The mechanism by which HPD increases energy expenditure involves two aspects: first, proteins have a markedly higher DIT than carbohy...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 4, 2021·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Jan AasethJan Alexander
Jul 26, 2021·Physiology & Behavior·Catalina Ramírez-ContrerasMaría Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio
Sep 11, 2021·Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome·Kyungho Ha, YoonJu Song

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