Clinical physiological study of the therapeutic effects of phenytoin in acute alcohol withdrawal and the asthenic-autonomic syndrome in patients with chronic alcoholism

Alcohol
V A Ilyuchina, L I Nikitina

Abstract

The effects of diphenylhydantoin [phenytoin (PHT)] on both the acute withdrawal syndrome (AWS) and the asthenic-autonomic syndrome associated with chronic alcoholism were evaluated in a single-blind, controlled, clinical, and comprehensive multiparameter psychophysiological and neurophysiological study. Twenty-four patients were treated with PHT (100 mg, PO, tid) and our standard detoxification therapy (intravenous fluids and vitamins as an antihistamine and a vasodilator; cognitive psychotherapy; and occupational therapy) and their progress was compared to that of 12 patients receiving only our standard detoxification therapy. The use of PHT and standard detoxification therapy resulted in an amelioration or cessation of the main symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal within a mean of 3 +/- 1 days. Vital fear, psychomotor excitation, sense of shortness of breath, pronounced chill-like state, and pronounced perspiration disappeared within 3 days. In the control group, the same improvements were found in a mean of 11 +/- 3 days. After the acute withdrawal period, PHT (50-100 mg, bid-tid) was continued in all 24 patients of the PHT group to evaluate its effects on the asthenic-autonomic syndrome. PHT's most marked therapeutic effect...Continue Reading

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