Clinical relevance and implications of HPV-induced neoplasia in different anatomical locations

Mutation Research. Reviews in Mutation Research
Elena Sophie PriggeMiriam Reuschenbach

Abstract

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are widespread DNA viruses that can infect epithelial cells of the skin and mucosa. Most HPV infections remain clinically unapparent and clear spontaneously. In few cases, however, HPV infections persist and can cause benign and malignant neoplasms at different anatomic locations. Malignant HPV-induced neoplasms are caused by distinct types of HPV (oncogenic or high-risk (HR) HPV types) and present in the anogenital (anus, penis, uterine cervix, vagina and vulva) and head and neck (particularly oropharynx) region. In the anogenital region defined precancerous stages precede invasive cancer. In the head and neck region there is clear evidence only for the invasive stage of HPV-induced neoplasia. In early infection stages the HPV oncogenes (E6/E7) are under tight control in the basal and parabasal cell layers. In more advanced precancerous stages increased expression of the HPV oncogenes E6 and E7 occurs (transforming infection) that may result in transformation of these cells. The defined carcinogenesis in the anogenital tract enables cancer early detection, particularly at the uterine cervix where cytologic and molecular tests contribute to early diagnosis and treatment at a non-invasive stage. Up t...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 1, 2017·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Uyen Ngoc MuiStephen K Tyring
Aug 5, 2017·Viruses·Tamara R LitwinNicolas Wentzensen
Jan 6, 2018·Biomedicines·Dario DidonaCarmen Cantisani
Aug 23, 2018·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Milena CamargoManuel Alfonso Patarroyo
Dec 7, 2016·British Journal of Cancer·Christopher M JonesDuncan C Gilbert
Jul 8, 2020·Cytopathology : Official Journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology·Maria do Carmo TavaresVanessa Salete de Paula
Dec 7, 2018·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·Christopher T HaleyStephen K Tyring
May 25, 2021·Clinical Oncology : a Journal of the Royal College of Radiologists·K WakehamD C Gilbert

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