PMID: 9421708Jan 9, 1998Paper

Clinical relevance of antifungal resistance

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
A Espinel-Ingroff

Abstract

The availability of standard guidelines (NCCLS M27 document) for antifungal susceptibility testing has facilitated the establishment of tentative interpretive breakpoints for fluconazole and itraconazole by the NCCLS. Based on correlations of MIC values with the outcomes of patients with mostly Candida infections, fluconazole MICs of > or = 64 and itraconazole MICs of > or = 1.0 microgram/mL are considered resistant. Fluconazole MICs of 16 to 32 micrograms/mL and itraconazole MICs of 0.2 to 0.5 microgram/mL were categorized as "susceptible dependent upon dose" (S-DD), that is, clinical response may be obtained with increased doses. Susceptible breakpoints for fluconazole and itraconazole correspond to < or = 8 and < or = 0.12 microgram/mL, respectively. For flucytosine, resistant and susceptible breakpoints for Candida were set at > or = 32 micrograms/mL and 4 micrograms/mL, respectively, based on historical data and the drug's pharmacokinetics for Candida. Although no breakpoints have been established for amphotericin B, clinical failure has been associated with MICs > 1.0 microgram/mL.

References

Aug 1, 1979·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·D PappagianisJ Remington
Oct 1, 1979·Annals of Internal Medicine·J R WingardR Saral
Jun 1, 1979·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·W G Merz, G R Sandford
Jan 1, 1992·Annual Review of Cell Biology·C F Higgins
Apr 1, 1992·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·J ConlyL Hellman
Jan 1, 1992·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·R M TuckerD A Stevens
Dec 1, 1992·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·H vanden BosscheM C Coene
Jun 1, 1992·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·E J AnaissieG P Bodey
Dec 1, 1991·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·L WillocksL J Milne
Dec 1, 1991·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·T G EvansK Carroll
Feb 1, 1990·Biochemical Society Transactions·H Vanden BosscheP A Janssen
Jan 1, 1990·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·C M WilsonI F Salkin
May 1, 1988·The American Journal of Medicine·W G PowderlyG Medoff
Jan 1, 1985·Annals of Internal Medicine·J D DickR Saral
May 1, 1985·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·A Schaffner, P G Frick
Aug 1, 1983·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·R GuinetP Ambroise-Thomas
Jul 1, 1980·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·J D DickR Saral
Aug 1, 1995·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·T ParkinsonC A Hitchcock
Jun 1, 1995·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·J L Rodríguez-TudelaE Valencia
Jan 1, 1995·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·J H RexM A Pfaller
Mar 1, 1995·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·F BarchiesiM A Pfaller
Oct 1, 1994·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·S L NewmanK Vigilante
Oct 1, 1994·Trends in Microbiology·H Vanden BosscheF C Odds
Dec 1, 1994·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·C HennequinM Hambourg
Jul 1, 1994·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·M RabodonirinaM A Piens
Aug 1, 1994·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·E J AnaissieV Paetznick
Jun 1, 1994·AIDS·G G BailyB K Mandal
Dec 1, 1993·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·D J BokenM G Rinaldi
Nov 1, 1993·Biochemical Society Transactions·C A Hitchcock
Feb 1, 1994·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·S ReddingM Pfaller
Dec 1, 1993·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·N TroilletJ P Chave
Dec 1, 1993·Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral Pathology·G S HeinicH Hollander
Sep 1, 1995·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·S P Hawser, L J Douglas
May 1, 1996·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·F MenichettiS Pauluzzi
Apr 1, 1996·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·J D Sobel, J A Vazquez

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 26, 2004·Vaccine·Ruth C Matthews, James P Burnie
Jan 13, 1999·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·E P MilanA L Colombo
Jan 10, 2002·Infectious Disease Clinics of North America·M A Pfaller, W L Yu
Aug 26, 1999·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·L G RobinsonA P Kourtis
Mar 1, 2006·Critical Care Medicine·Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Peter G Pappas
Jun 25, 2003·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Ruth C MatthewsJames Burnie
Mar 4, 2003·Environmental Health Perspectives·Jürg A ZarnJosef R Schlatter
Mar 24, 2009·Mycoses·Tatiane Caroline DaboitMaria Lúcia Scroferneker
Jul 25, 2007·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·André L S SantosCeluta S Alviano
Feb 23, 2000·Mayo Clinic Proceedings·A Virk, J M Steckelberg
Aug 16, 2012·Anais Brasileiros De Dermatologia·Cheila Denise Ottonelli StopigliaMaria Lúcia Scroferneker
Nov 7, 2001·Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De São Paulo·S H AlvesM H Vainstein
Sep 3, 2005·Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De São Paulo·Cláudia Castelo Branco Artiaga KobayashiMaria do Rosário Rodrigues Silva
Apr 28, 2004·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice·Marnie M Ford
Oct 27, 1998·Mayo Clinic Proceedings·R L Thompson, A J Wright
Feb 20, 2016·Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association·Mahmoud Ghannoum
Feb 27, 2003·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·H Vanden BosscheF Rochette
Nov 29, 2005·Revista iberoamericana de micología·Francisco Javier Pastor, Josep Guarro

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a common fungal infection caused by Candida and it can affect many parts for the body including mucosal membranes as well as the gastrointestinal, urinary, and respiratory tracts. Here is the latest research.

Allergy & Infectious Diseases

Allergies result from the hyperreactivity of the immune system to some environmental substance and can be life-threatening. Infectious diseases are caused by organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. They can be transmitted different ways, such as person-to-person. Here is the latest research on allergy and infectious diseases.

Antimicrobial Resistance (ASM)

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the continued successful use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Candidiasis (ASM)

Candidiasis is a common fungal infection caused by Candida and it can affect many parts for the body including mucosal membranes as well as the gastrointestinal, urinary, and respiratory tracts. Here is the latest research.

Antimicrobial Resistance

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the continued successful use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Candida albicans

Candida albicans is an opportunistic, fungal pathogen of humans that frequently causes superficial infections of oral and vaginal mucosal surfaces of debilitated and susceptible individuals. Discover the latest research on Candida albicans here.

Allergy & Infectious Diseases (ASM)

Allergies result from the hyperreactivity of the immune system to some environmental substance and can be life-threatening. Infectious diseases are caused by organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. They can be transmitted different ways, such as person-to-person. Here is the latest research on allergy and infectious diseases.

Related Papers

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
J H RexM A Pfaller
Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
John W Hiemenz
Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
J R Wingard, G J Elfenbein
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved