Abstract
The development of clinical neutron facilities in the 1980s, capable of delivering high energy neutrons spurred full scale phase III testing of neutron beam radiotherapy in a number of tumors including salivary gland, head and neck, prostate, and non small-cell lung cancer. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the Medical Research Council (MRC) jointly sponsored a randomized trial for the treatment of advanced stage salivary gland tumors comparing neutron to conventional photon and/or electron radiotherapy. Although no improvement in survival was seen, the study demonstrated a striking and statistically significant difference in the local-regional control of unresectable salivary gland tumors (56 vs 17%), favoring neutron beam irradiation. Subsequent clinical trials of neutron beam irradiation were initiated by the Neutron Therapy Collaborative Working Group (NTCWG) sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). A phase III trial comparing neutron to photon radiotherapy for inoperable regional non-small cell lung cancer showed no overall improvement in survival. However, a statistically significant improvement in survival was observed in the subset of patients with squamous cell histology. The NTCWG trial comparin...Continue Reading
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