Clinical uses of 5-aminolaevulinic acid in photodynamic treatment and photodetection of cancer: A review.

Cancer Letters
Adriana Casas

Abstract

ALA-mediated Photodynamic Therapy (ALA-PDT) is one of the most promising fields in Photodynamic therapy (PDT) research for cancer treatment. 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) is the prodrug of the photosensitiser Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). After ALA administration, cells generate PpIX through the haem biosynthetic pathway. Although the exact reasons for ALA/PpIX selectivity are unknown, it is believed that due to the special regulation of haem enzymes, PpIX is accumulated in the tumours. Both ALA and its derivative ALA Methyl ester, are mainly used in dermatology. Besides, ALA-PDT has been employed for palliative and even curative treatment of endoscopically accessible tumours. Lung, oesophagus, gastric and bladder carcinomas, and also oral premalignant lesions, gynaecological intraepithelial neoplasias and Barrett's oesophagus are the conditions mostly treated with ALA-PDT. However, due to the limited penetration of ALA and light, non-dermatologic uses of ALA-PDT have not moved beyond phase I clinical trials. On the other hand, ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence is successfully employed for the Photodynamic Diagnosis (PDD) or assistance in cytoreductive surgery (Fluorescence-guided Resection, FGR). ALA has been approved for the FGR of hi...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 25, 2020·Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy·María L VilchezLaura N Milla Sanabria
Nov 25, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Lucas NogueiraKwanghee Kim
Apr 8, 2021·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·Mariela A CéspedesGabriela M Di Venosa
May 18, 2021·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Margarita ShleevaArseny Kaprelyants
Jun 27, 2021·Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology·Pablo VallecorsaAdriana Casas
Jun 17, 2021·Photochemistry and Photobiology·Maurício S BaptistaAndrés H Thomas
Jul 25, 2021·Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy·Shinkuro YamamotoKeiji Inoue
Dec 12, 2021·Scientific Reports·María Laura MugasAdriana Casas

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