Clinical value of the metabolic syndrome for long term prediction of total and cardiovascular mortality: prospective, population based cohort study

BMJ : British Medical Journal
Johan SundströmLars Lind

Abstract

To find out if the presence of the metabolic syndrome increases the risk of subsequent total and cardiovascular mortality, taking into account established risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Prospective cohort study. General population. A community based sample of 2322 men followed since 1970 for a maximum of 32.7 years, investigated at ages 50 and 70. The relations of the metabolic syndrome defined by the national cholesterol education programme (NCEP) of the US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute or criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO) to subsequent total and cardiovascular mortality. When adding the metabolic syndrome to models with established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and serum cholesterol) at age 50, presence of the metabolic syndrome as defined in the NCEP significantly predicted total and cardiovascular mortality (Cox proportional hazard ratios 1.36, 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 1.58; and 1.59, 1.29 to 1.95, respectively). The metabolic syndrome added prognostic information to that of the established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (likelihood ratio tests, P < 0.0001 for both outcomes). Similar results were obtained in a subsample without d...Continue Reading

References

Dec 4, 2002·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Hanna-Maaria LakkaJukka T Salonen
Sep 11, 2003·European Heart Journal·Guy De BackerUNKNOWN Third Joint Task Force of European and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice
May 18, 2004·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Giuseppe SchillaciElmo Mannarino

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 8, 2008·International Journal of Obesity : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·R PasqualiU Pagotto
May 28, 2008·International Journal of Obesity : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·N Sattar
Mar 29, 2008·Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders·Byron W YountRoss C Brownson
Mar 29, 2008·Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders·Martin K RutterPeter W F Wilson
Jun 30, 2009·Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders·D M BoudreauL J Okamoto
Nov 3, 2010·Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders·Duygu OzolZeki Yıldırım
Sep 18, 2009·Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·J S LeeH S Park
Jul 8, 2008·European Journal of Public Health·Marlou L A de KroonRemy A Hirasing
Oct 26, 2011·The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences·Xuewen WangBarbara J Nicklas
Jan 17, 2012·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Khashayar SakhaeeBeverley Adams-Huet
Jul 13, 2006·Current Opinion in Lipidology·Naveed Sattar
Apr 15, 2006·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Andrew Farmer
Apr 29, 2006·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Richard J Jarrett
May 24, 2006·Heart·E IngelssonJ Sundström
Mar 3, 2007·Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme·Chris I Ardern, Ian Janssen
Mar 19, 2008·Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme·Hélène DelisleDominique Garrel
Jan 29, 2011·Cardiovascular Diabetology·Alexander Tenenbaum, Enrique Z Fisman
Sep 3, 2010·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Tasnime N AkbaralyClaudine Berr
Nov 28, 2006·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Takatoshi KasaiHiroyuki Daida
Jan 31, 2009·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Ri-Bo TangChang-Sheng Ma
Aug 29, 2009·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Takatoshi KasaiHiroyuki Daida
Jan 9, 2010·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Guodong KangFengmei Chen
Feb 6, 2008·Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension·L Aldo FerraraDelia Pacioni
Oct 22, 2013·Clinical Interventions in Aging·Denis Cesar Leite VieiraJonato Prestes
May 27, 2011·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Tasnime N AkbaralyMika Kivimaki
Jul 3, 2010·Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række·Torgeir T SøvikTom Mala
Jan 13, 2010·Journal of Athletic Training·Gary B WilkersonDavid W Bartal
Dec 29, 2013·Journal of Hypertension·Per LytsyJohan Sundström
Mar 13, 2014·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Yongqiang LiHequn Zou
Apr 21, 2007·European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation : Official Journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology·UNKNOWN DECODE Study Group

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Cardiovascular Disease Pathophysiology

Cardiovascular disease involves several different processes that contribute to the pathological mechanism, including hyperglycemia, inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension and more. Vasculature stability plays a critical role in the development of the disease. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular disease pathophysiology here.