Clock-Work Trade-Off Relation for Coherence in Quantum Thermodynamics

Physical Review Letters
Hyukjoon KwonM S Kim

Abstract

In thermodynamics, quantum coherences-superpositions between energy eigenstates-behave in distinctly nonclassical ways. Here we describe how thermodynamic coherence splits into two kinds-"internal" coherence that admits an energetic value in terms of thermodynamic work, and "external" coherence that does not have energetic value, but instead corresponds to the functioning of the system as a quantum clock. For the latter form of coherence, we provide dynamical constraints that relate to quantum metrology and macroscopicity, while for the former, we show that quantum states exist that have finite internal coherence yet with zero deterministic work value. Finally, under minimal thermodynamic assumptions, we establish a clock-work trade-off relation between these two types of coherences. This can be viewed as a form of time-energy conjugate relation within quantum thermodynamics that bounds the total maximum of clock and work resources for a given system.

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Citations

Jun 9, 2019·Nature Communications·Facundo SapienzaAugusto J Roncaglia
Dec 12, 2019·Proceedings. Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·Leandro R S Mendes, Diogo O Soares-Pinto
May 10, 2020·Physical Review Letters·A J PaigeM S Kim
Sep 24, 2019·Reports on Progress in Physics·Matteo Lostaglio
Dec 25, 2019·Scientific Reports·Mariia GumberidzeRadim Filip
Jan 9, 2020·Nature Communications·Iman Marvian
Jun 18, 2020·Scientific Reports·H DolatkhahS Haseli
Jul 18, 2018·Physical Review. E·Ivan Henao, Roberto M Serra
Dec 18, 2020·Physical Review. E·F H KaminAlan C Santos
Nov 21, 2020·Physical Review. E·Barış Çakmak

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