Close rectal dissection in benign diseases of the rectum: A review

The Surgeon : Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland
D M NallyD C Winter

Abstract

Total mesorectal excision (TME) is the gold standard resectional strategy for rectal cancer to minimize loco-regional recurrence and optimize oncological outcomes. This plane is described by many as 'bloodless' but it does contain important pelvic neural plexuses and dissection may be close to the ureters and major vascular structures, particularly in inflammatory conditions of the distal colon and rectum. In such benign diseases a more conservative excision, so-called close rectal dissection, has been advocated to minimize damage to these structures. A review of the literature was conducted to document the evolution of this procedure. Contemporary literature was interrogated to ascertain how this approach is adopted in minimally invasive surgery. Post-operative outcomes are compared to those from TME surgery. From early descriptions in 1956, this procedure has been adapted for use in laparoscopic surgery. It may be particularly useful in trans-anal mesorectal surgery. Reported benefits include reduced nerve injury and pelvic sepsis. However, this must be balanced against risks of mesorectal bleeding, rectal injury, and ongoing inflammation from the retained mesorectum. Rectal surgery in inflammatory conditions is technically c...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 13, 2020·Updates in Surgery·Brenda MurphyDesmond Colm Winter
Mar 4, 2020·Techniques in Coloproctology·G PellinoUNKNOWN Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery SICCR
Feb 16, 2021·Annals of Surgical Oncology·A RosatiB Costantini

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