Co-administration of polyphosphazenes with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides strongly enhances immune responses in mice immunized with Hepatitis B virus surface antigen
Abstract
An emerging paradigm in vaccinology is that multiple adjuvant combinations may be more effective than individual adjuvants in enhancing immune responses to vaccine antigens. We investigated whether the polyphosphazenes used in combination with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) were potent adjuvant formulations. BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously with Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) alone, or in various combinations with poly[di(sodium carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] (PCPP), poly[di(sodium carboxylatoethylphenoxy)phosphazene] (PCEP) or CpG ODN. All three adjuvants enhanced HBsAg-specific IgG1 antibody responses with PCEP inducing the highest responses. PCEP and CpG ODN significantly enhanced the Th1-associated antibody isotype IgG2a. As expected CpG ODN induced predominantly Th1-type immune responses while PCEP was associated with mixed Th1/Th2 immune responses. Interestingly, PCEP and PCPP synergized with CpG ODN to further enhance antibody responses. Since the mechanisms which mediate the adjuvant activity of polyphosphazenes are not fully understood, we investigated whether PCEP and PCPP could stimulate innate immune responses. Incubation of mouse splenocytes with PCEP or PCPP (in the absence of antigen) stimulated p...Continue Reading
References
Citations
Related Concepts
Related Feeds
Avian Influenza: Innate Immune Adjuvant
Adjuvants systems that are added to vaccines against avian influenza have be explored to enhance the innate immune system response against the virus. Here is the latest research on avian influenza and the innate immune adjuvant.
Cancer Biology: Molecular Imaging
Molecular imaging enables noninvasive imaging of key molecules that are crucial to tumor biology. Discover the latest research in molecular imaging in cancer biology in this feed.
Avian Influenza: Innate Immune Adjuvant (ASM)
Adjuvants systems that are added to vaccines against avian influenza have be explored to enhance the innate immune system response against the virus. Here is the latest research on avian influenza and the innate immune adjuvant.