Co-occurrence of mycotoxins in maize food and maize-based feed from small-scale farms in Brazil: a pilot study

Mycotoxin Research
Larissa T FrancoCarlos A F Oliveira

Abstract

A limited survey was conducted to assess the co-occurrence of aflatoxins (AF) B1, B2, G1, and G2; fumonisins (FB) B1 and B2; ochratoxin A (OTA); zearalenone (ZEN); and deoxynivalenol (DON) in maize food (N = 26) and animal feed (N = 45) collected from 21 small-scale farms from the states of São Paulo (SP) and Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil. Samples evaluated were maize meal and maize flour for human consumption available in the farm households, and maize-based feed intended for broiler chicks, laying hens, and dairy cows. Analyses of mycotoxins were performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The median levels of mycotoxins found in maize food were 2.5 μg/kg (total AF), 120 μg/kg (total FB), 13 μg/kg (ZEN), and 57 μg/kg (DON). All values were below the Brazilian tolerance limits, except for total FB in one sample of maize flour. In feed samples, median levels of total AF, total FB, ZEN, and DON were 100 μg/kg, 680 μg/kg, 160 μg/kg, and 200 μg/kg, respectively. The co-occurrence of two or more mycotoxins was confirmed in 35% and 51% of maize food and feed, respectively. Results indicate a low human exposure to mycotoxins in the small-scale farms evaluated and a higher exposure of farm...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 15, 2019·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Sakshi MishraSrikanta Kumar Rath
Aug 2, 2019·Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture·Allana Patrícia Santos AlexandreMaria Antonia Calori-Domingues
May 28, 2021·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Emmanuel Edoghogho Imade, Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
Aug 6, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Health Research·I B Molina-PintorC A González-Arias
Jul 17, 2020·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Patrícia Diniz AndradeEloisa Dutra Caldas
Jun 11, 2020·Food Research International·Carolina Fernanda S C CoppaCarlos A F Oliveira

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