Cognitive, Affective, and Motivational Changes during Ostracism: An ERP, EMG, and EEG Study Using a Computerized Cyberball Task

Neuroscience Journal
Taishi KawamotoMitsuhiro Ura

Abstract

Individuals are known to be highly sensitive to signs of ostracism, such as being ignored or excluded; however, the cognitive, affective, and motivational processes underlying ostracism have remained unclear. We investigated temporal changes in these psychological states resulting from being ostracized by a computer. Using event-related brain potentials (ERPs), the facial electromyogram (EMG), and electroencephalogram (EEG), we focused on the P3b amplitude, corrugator supercilii activity, and frontal EEG asymmetry, which reflect attention directed at stimuli, negative affect, and approach/withdrawal motivation, respectively. Results of the P3b and corrugator supercilii activity replicated findings of previous studies on being ostracized by humans. The mean amplitude of the P3b wave decreased, and facial EMG activity increased over time. In addition, frontal EEG asymmetry changed from relative left frontal activation, suggestive of approach motivation, to relative right frontal activation, indicative of withdrawal motivation. These findings suggest that ostracism by a computer-generated opponent is an aversive experience that in time changes the psychological status of ostracized people, similar to ostracism by human. Our findin...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 19, 2019·The American Journal of Gastroenterology·Huiying WangPaul Enck
Aug 26, 2016·Social Neuroscience·Bingbing LengFuhong Li
Aug 5, 2017·Psychophysiology·Samantha J Reznik, John J B Allen
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Feb 11, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Mauro de GennaroGale Lucas
Mar 24, 2015·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Taishi KawamotoHiroshi Nittono
Jan 4, 2021·Experimental Brain Research·Toshiki Ikeda, Yuji Takeda

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Software Mentioned

Brain Vision Analyzer
Cyberball

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