Cognitive architecture and capacity of the cognitive system responsible for Same - Different judgments

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
Marc-André Goulet, Denis Cousineau

Abstract

Participants tend to match identical pairs of stimuli faster than different pairs. Despite many endeavours to explain this fast-same effect, there is still no theoretical consensus. A potential reason for the lack of consensus is that the cognitive architecture and capacity underlying such phenomenon is assumed and not formally tested. For example, the dual-process approach suggests that Same responses arise from a parallel treatment, whereas Different responses arise from a serial treatment. It also suggests that in both conditions, the capacity of the process is unaffected by workload (unlimited capacity). Alternative approaches argue that the fast-same effect can be explained by parallel or coactive architectures with channels working in either limited or super capacity. In this study, we formally assess the architecture (three possibilities: serial, parallel and coactive) and the capacity (three possibilities: unlimited, limited and super-capacity) of the cognitive system in a Same-Different task using Systems Factorial Technology (SFT). We recruited twenty participants to perform a double-factorial task lasting four sessions. Because of the lack of effectiveness of the blurring manipulation, we cannot draw a strong conclus...Continue Reading

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