Cognitive deficits in animal models of basal ganglia disorders.

Brain Research Bulletin
S P Brooks, S B Dunnett

Abstract

The two most common neurological disorders of the basal ganglia are Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). The most overt symptoms of these diseases are motoric, reflecting the loss of the striatal medium spiny neurons in HD and ascending substantia nigra dopaminergic cells in PD. However, both disease processes induce insidious psychiatric and cognitive syndromes that can manifest well in advance of the onset of motor deficits. These early deficits provide an opportunity for prophylactic therapeutic intervention in order to retard disease progression from the earliest possible point. In order to exploit this opportunity, animal models of HD and PD are being probed for the specific cognitive deficits represented in the disease states. At the neuronal level, these deficits are typically, but not exclusively, mediated by disruption of parallel corticostriatal loops that integrate motor information with sensory and higher order, "executive" cognitive functions. Dysfunction in these systems can be probed with sensitive behavioural tests that selectively probe these cognitive functions in mouse models with focal lesions of striatal or cortical regions, or of specific neurotransmitter systems. Typically these tests w...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 22, 2014·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Jane S Paulsen, Jeffrey D Long
Mar 26, 2014·The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology·Lin ChenChristiane Mourre
Aug 17, 2016·Brain Pathology·Mar PuigdellívolEsther Pérez-Navarro
Jun 12, 2014·CoDAS·Karoline Weber dos SantosMaria Cristina de Almeida Freitas Cardoso

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