Cognitive Impairment, Depression, and Cooccurrence of Both among the Elderly in Panama: Differential Associations with Multimorbidity and Functional Limitations

BioMed Research International
Alcibiades E VillarrealPanama Aging Research Initiative

Abstract

Cognitive impairment and depression are common mental health problems among the elderly, although few studies have examined their cooccurrence in older adults in Latin America. The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive impairment, depression, and cooccurrence of the two conditions and associated factors in a sample of older adults in Panama. This study included 304 community-dwelling elderly (≥ 65 years) individuals. Participants underwent a clinical interview and assessments of cognitive function by the Minimental State Examination and depressive symptoms by the Geriatric Depression Scale. Limitations in basic (BADL) and instrumental (IADL) activities in daily living and the presence of chronic illnesses were recorded. Multinomial regression analysis revealed that cooccurrence of cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms was explained by increasing age (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.20, 8.30), low education (OR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.33, 8.38), having four or more chronic conditions (OR: 11.5, 95% CI: 2.84, 46.63), and BADL limitations (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.26, 19.68). Less education and limitations in BADL and IADL increased the odds of cognitive impairment alone, while less education and three or more chronic conditions increased th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 27, 2016·Environmental Science & Technology·Felipe Lopez-HilfikerJoel A Thornton
Aug 29, 2016·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Alcibiades E VillarrealUNKNOWN Panama Aging Research Initiative (PARI)
Sep 24, 2020·Journal of Caring Sciences·Zahra AajamiVahidreza Borhaninejad
Nov 12, 2020·Journal of General Internal Medicine·Patrick O MonahanTimothy E Stump

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