PMID: 11318799Apr 25, 2001Paper

Cold haemagglutinin disease: clinical significance of serum haemolysins

Clinical and Laboratory Haematology
R J SokolR Walewska

Abstract

Two hundred and twenty-one patients with cold haemagglutinins of thermal amplitude > or = 30 degrees C (considered to be a reasonable indicator of clinical significance) were classified by in vitro haemolysin activity into three groups. Group 1 contained 116 individuals in whom haemolysins were never detected; the 74 patients in Group 2 had monophasic haemolysins alone; whereas both monophasic and biphasic haemolysins were detected in the 31 Group 3 patients. There was a significantly higher proportion of patients in Groups 2 and 3 with haptoglobin levels < 0.1 g/l compared with Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P < 0.005 and P < 0.001). Direct antiglobulin test results showed that the autoimmune response became more complex and IgM predominant through Groups 1-3, resulting in an increasing ability to activate complement which was reflected in increasing haemolysin activity and number of patients with active haemolysis. The 31 patients in Group 3 were mostly elderly (median age 71 years at presentation) and the majority had chronic cold haemagglutinin disease (CHAD), several in association with lymphoid neoplasms or carcinomas; only four had acute CHAD. The natural history of idiopathic chronic CHAD was of mild, well compensated ha...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 16, 2002·Transfusion·Robert J SokolHelen F Barker
Nov 18, 2015·Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Société française de transfusion sanguine·M BecheurN E H Toumi
Jun 15, 2007·British Journal of Haematology·Morie A Gertz
Dec 8, 2004·La Revue de médecine interne·M-O ChandesrisJ-R Harlé

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