Cold stage design for high resolution electron microscopy of biological materials

Electron Microscopy Reviews
K H Downing, W Chiu

Abstract

Both the number and range of applications of cryotechniques in transmission electron microscopy are increasing rapidly. In some cases, most notably the determination of protein structure by electron crystallography, progress has been limited by the performance of commercially available cryo stages. We review the design and performance criteria for stages which will be necessary for wide applicability in high resolution studies of biological specimens. The important criteria include an operating temperature below -140 degrees C with a low rate of contamination of the specimen, ability to tilt to 60 degrees, and perhaps most important, good resolution as judged by an effective modulation transfer function of 0.8 at 0.35 nm. Most applications also require an effective cryotransfer system. Up until now, most work in high resolution electron crystallography has been accomplished with laboratory-built stages which meet some, but not all, of these criteria. The availability of cold stages which fully meet criteria will allow the rapid expansion of high resolution studies by electron microscopy in structural biology.

References

Sep 25, 1976·Journal of Molecular Biology·W A Hendrickson
May 25, 1975·Journal of Molecular Biology·P N Unwin, R Henderson
Mar 1, 1990·Journal of Structural Biology·B K JapP J Walian
Jan 1, 1991·Ultramicroscopy·R HendersonG Vigers
Jun 20, 1990·Journal of Molecular Biology·R HendersonK H Downing
Jan 20, 1989·Journal of Molecular Biology·B K Jap
Jan 5, 1989·Journal of Molecular Biology·T W JengW Chiu
May 1, 1988·Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics·J DubochetP Schultz
Aug 5, 1988·Journal of Molecular Biology·J M BaldwinF Zemlin
Nov 1, 1987·Journal of Microscopy·M K LamvikS D Davilla
Jan 20, 1986·Journal of Molecular Biology·W BaumeisterW O Saxton
Jan 1, 1983·Journal of Microscopy·J LepaultJ Dubochet
May 5, 1984·Journal of Molecular Biology·T W JengE Zeitler
Jan 1, 1980·Ultramicroscopy·S B Hayward, R M Glaeser

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 1, 1993·Current Opinion in Biotechnology·W Chiu, M F Schmid
Jun 27, 2002·Journal of Molecular Biology·Dimitrios FotiadisAndreas Engel
Jun 6, 2000·Micron : the International Research and Review Journal for Microscopy·P A Thuman-Commike, W Chiu
Jan 1, 1994·Micron : the International Research and Review Journal for Microscopy·Y Tahara, Y Fujiyoshi
Jul 27, 2001·Journal of Structural Biology·G J Jensen
Feb 24, 2005·Journal of Microscopy·S H CodyJ K Heath

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Antifungals

An antifungal, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Discover the latest research on antifungals here.

Antifungals (ASM)

An antifungal, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Discover the latest research on antifungals here.