Collectins: Innate Immune Pattern Recognition Molecules

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Valarmathy MurugaiahUday Kishore

Abstract

Collectins are collagen-containing C-type (calcium-dependent) lectins which are important pathogen pattern recognising innate immune molecules. Their primary structure is characterised by an N-terminal, triple-helical collagenous region made up of Gly-X-Y repeats, an a-helical coiled-coil trimerising neck region, and a C-terminal C-type lectin or carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Further oligomerisation of this primary structure can give rise to more complex and multimeric structures that can be seen under electron microscope. Collectins can be found in serum as well as in a range of tissues at the mucosal surfaces. Mannanbinding lectin can activate the complement system while other members of the collectin family are extremely versatile in recognising a diverse range of pathogens via their CRDs and bring about effector functions designed at the clearance of invading pathogens. These mechanisms include opsonisation, enhancement of phagocytosis, triggering superoxidative burst and nitric oxide production. Collectins can also potentiate the adaptive immune response via antigen presenting cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells through modulation of cytokines and chemokines, thus they can act as a link between innate an...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 11, 2021·Pharmacological Reviews·Peter GarredTom E Mollnes
May 8, 2021·Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology·Maria Gabriella MateraMario Cazzola
Aug 5, 2021·Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy·Danyang Li, Minghua Wu

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
glycosylation
bronchoalveolar lavage
ELISA
lavage
nuclear translocation

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