PMID: 29767856Jan 1, 2017Paper

Combination therapy of cytotoxic t-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (ctla-4) and programmed death 1 (pd 1) blocker, check point inhibitors for treatment of patients with advanced and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer

European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology
S A Farghaly

Abstract

The standard of care for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer is platinum-based combination chemotherapy for those who relapse more than six months after completing adjuvant therapy. The use of biological agents such as bevacizumab has increased progression- free survival (PFS), but has not shown a significant increase in overall survival (OS). Immunotherapy treatment modality is being ac- tively pursued for patients with ovarian cancer. The goal of immunotherapy is to generate a tumor specific, T cell response that decrease residual disease, and protects against future recurrence. Combination therapy of anti-PD-1 antibodies, and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies re- verses the TIL dysfunction and induces tumor regression in solid tumors, including ovarian cancer. When GM-CSF vaccine is added, it results in increased tumor rejection.

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