Combinatorial Screening of Nanoclay-Reinforced Hydrogels: A Glimpse of the "Holy Grail" in Orthopedic Stem Cell Therapy?

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
Masoud HasanyAlireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz

Abstract

Despite the promise of hydrogel-based stem cell therapies in orthopedics, a significant need still exists for the development of injectable microenvironments capable of utilizing the  regenerative potential of donor cells. Indeed, the quest for biomaterials that can direct stem cells into bone without the need of external factors has been the "Holy Grail" in orthopedic stem cell therapy for decades. To address this challenge, we have utilized a combinatorial approach to screen over 63 nanoengineered hydrogels made from alginate, hyaluronic acid, and two-dimensional nanoclays. Out of these combinations, we have identified a biomaterial that can promote osteogenesis in the absence of well-established differentiation factors such as bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) or dexamethasone. Notably, in our "hit" formulations we observed a 36-fold increase in alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity and a 11-fold increase in the formation of mineralized matrix, compared to the control hydrogel. This induced osteogenesis was further supported by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Additionally, the Montmorillonite-reinforced hydrogels exhibited high ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 30, 2019·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Yanran ZhaoZhenzhong Yang
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Mar 14, 2019·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Mehdi MehraliAlireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
Oct 10, 2020·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Firoz Babu KadumudiAlireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
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