Combinatorial strategies of radiotherapy and immunotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Chinese Clinical Oncology
Eugenia L L YeoMelvin L K Chua

Abstract

Immunotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) have each demonstrated clinical success in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) when utilized independently. Several characteristics of NPC make it particularly well suited for immunotherapeutic strategies, such as the association with viral infections like EBV and human papilloma virus (HPV), upregulation of PD-L1 expression, and the high number of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Immune checkpoint blockade is one such immunotherapeutic strategy that is gaining popularity rapidly. However, clinical benefit of immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors has been limited to only a small subset of patients with existing T cell responses. Additionally, they are frequently associated with dose-limiting immune-related toxicities. On the other hand, RT is a conventional strategy for NPC treatment, which has demonstrated high efficacy in local tumor control and has also been reported to exhibit immune modulatory effects. However, the abscopal effect of RT alone, i.e., the regression of distant metastases outside of the irradiation field, remains a rare phenomenon. Furthermore, RT treatment efficacy is also limited by radioresistance and radiation-related toxicities. Hence, the co...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 7, 2020·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets·Valentin BalochePierre Busson
Aug 5, 2020·Molecular Oncology·Anton BernsEmile Voest
May 30, 2020·Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Società italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale·Paolo PisaniAngelo Zigliani
Jan 18, 2021·Oral Oncology·David Johnson, Brigette B Y Ma
Jan 18, 2021·Cancer Treatment and Research Communications·Ajinkya Madhukar ThanekarAravind Kumar Rengan
Mar 21, 2020·Cancer radiothérapie : journal de la Société française de radiothérapie oncologique·Bruce E EllerinJoseph T Martins
Aug 19, 2021·Clinical and Translational Science·Astrid De MeulenaereSylvie Rottey

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