Combined dyslipidemia in childhood

Journal of Clinical Lipidology
Rae-Ellen Kavey

Abstract

Combined dyslipidemia (CD) is now the predominant dyslipidemic pattern in childhood, characterized by moderate-to-severe elevation in triglycerides and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), minimal elevation in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and reduced HDL-C. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy shows that the CD pattern is represented at the lipid subpopulation level as an increase in small, dense LDL and in overall LDL particle number plus a reduction in total HDL-C and large HDL particles, a highly atherogenic pattern. In youth, CD occurs almost exclusively with obesity and is highly prevalent, seen in more than 40% of obese adolescents. CD in childhood predicts pathologic evidence of atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunction in adolescence and young adulthood, and early clinical cardiovascular events in adult life. There is a tight connection between CD, visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and the metabolic syndrome, suggesting an integrated pathophysiological response to excessive weight gain. Weight loss, changes in dietary composition, and increases in physical activity have all been shown to improve CD significantly in children and adolescents in sho...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 27, 2017·Cadernos de saúde pública·Adélia da Costa Pereira de Arruda NetaFlávia Emília Leite de Lima Ferreira
Feb 26, 2016·Revista de saúde pública·José Rocha Faria NetoKatia Vergetti Bloch
Sep 3, 2017·Pediatrics in Review·Badhma ValaiyapathiAmbika P Ashraf
Feb 15, 2021·BMC Pediatrics·Silvestre Garcia-de la PuenteTania T Vargas-Robledo
Nov 12, 2020·Biomedicines·Alessia Angi, Francesco Chiarelli
Apr 28, 2021·Public Health Nutrition·Lara Gomes SuhettJuliana F Novaes
Aug 8, 2021·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Ambika P AshrafBrenda Kohn

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