PMID: 8944413Nov 1, 1996Paper

Combined effects of ethanol and cocaine on FOS-like protein and cocaethylene biosynthesis in the rat

Psychopharmacology
G Torres, J M Horowitz

Abstract

To study the simultaneous effects of ethanol and cocaine on striatal FOS-like protein, rats were exposed to an (8.7%) ethanol solution for 15 days followed by single or daily cocaine injections (20 mg/kg; IP). Ethanol consumption reduced the induction of the nuclear protein under both temporal regimens of cocaine administration. In contrast, sucrose pair-fed or ad libitum control groups exhibited a robust induction of FOS-like protein throughout the striatum, particularly in dorsal-central quadrants of the caudate putamen. This pattern of combined drug use produced blood ethanol concentrations in the range of 22-370 mg/dl, corresponding with those associated with mild intoxication in humans. Under both cocaine regimens, the presence of ethanol led to the transesterification of cocaine into the active metabolite, cocaethylene (31-121 ng/ml). Plasma levels of this metabolite did not exceed those of cocaine (17-1024 ng/ml), suggesting that under this drug regimen at least, cocaethylene formation is relatively low and perhaps dependent upon specific levels of ethanol and cocaine in hepatic microsomes. In addition, systemic administration of cocaethylene to rats (60 mumol/kg; molar equivalent of 20 mg/kg cocaine) induced widespread ...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 17, 1998·Molecular Neurobiology·R E Harlan, M M Garcia
May 1, 1996·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·G Torres, J M Horowitz
Feb 11, 1999·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·J M HorowitzG Torres
Apr 15, 2003·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·Sonya K SobrianKatherine Ressman
Oct 8, 1999·Psychosomatic Medicine·G Torres, J M Horowitz
Feb 24, 1999·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·T M SegarS Barron
Apr 1, 1999·Addiction Biology·J M Horowitz, G Torres
Nov 19, 2009·Drug Metabolism and Disposition : the Biological Fate of Chemicals·Robert B Parker, S Casey Laizure
Jun 25, 2009·Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·Lance D WilsonHoward Willson

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