PMID: 2495179Jan 1, 1989Paper

Combined effects of interferon alpha and interleukin 2 on the induction of a vascular leak syndrome in mice

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII
R K Puri, S A Rosenberg

Abstract

Immunotherapy with interleukin 2 (IL-2) alone or in combination with lymphokine-activated killer cells can mediate tumor regression in mice and in man. Further dose escalation of IL-2 along with lymphokine-activated killer cells has been prevented by the development of a vascular leak syndrome produced by IL-2. Because we have found that interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) has synergistic antitumor effects when administered together with IL-2, we have tested the vascular leakage induced by these lymphokine combinations. We used a murine model to quantify vascular leakage by measuring the extravasation of 125I-albumin from the intravascular space as well as the wet and dry lung weights after treatment with different cytokines. Cytokines (or Hanks balanced salt solution) were administered to C57BL/6 mice and 4 h after the last injection the vascular leak was quantified. IFN-alpha alone did not cause extravasation of radiolabel or increase in wet lung weights, though when given in combination with IL-2, significantly greater extravasation (P less than 0.01) as well as increase in lung water weights (P less than 0.05) was observed compared to the response in mice treated with IL-2 alone. IFN-alpha in c...Continue Reading

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Dec 24, 1997·Immunopharmacology·R Baluna, E S Vitetta
Sep 6, 2002·Vaccine·Joan E SmallshawEllen S Vitetta
Mar 31, 1999·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·R BalunaE S Vitetta
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Mar 10, 2004·Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica·Yoram AbramovVivian Barak

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