Combined Effects of Pesticides and Trematode Infections on Hourglass Tree Frog Polypedates cruciger

EcoHealth
Uthpala A JayawardenaRupika S Rajakaruna

Abstract

The impact of widespread and common environmental factors, such as chemical contaminants, on infectious disease risk in amphibians is particularly important because both chemical contaminants and infectious disease have been implicated in worldwide amphibian declines. Here we report on the lone and combined effects of exposure to parasitic cercariae (larval stage) of the digenetic trematode, Acanthostomum burminis, and four commonly used pesticides (insecticides: chlorpyrifos, dimethoate; herbicides: glyphosate, propanil) at ecologically relevant concentrations on the survival, growth, and development of the common hourglass tree frog, Polypedates cruciger Blyth 1852. There was no evidence of any pesticide-induced mortality on cercariae because all the cercariae successfully penetrated each tadpole host regardless of pesticide treatment. In isolation, both cercarial and pesticide exposure significantly decreased frog survival, development, and growth, and increased developmental malformations, such as scoliosis, kyphosis, and also edema and skin ulcers. The combination of cercariae and pesticides generally posed greater risk to frogs than either factor alone by decreasing survival or growth or increasing time to metamorphosis o...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 5, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Ángel Cruz-EsquivelJose Marrugo-Negrete
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Mar 10, 2021·Parasitology·David J MarcoglieseKieran A Bates

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