Combined PARP Inhibition and Immune Checkpoint Therapy in Solid Tumors

Cancers
Florent Peyraud, Antoine Italiano

Abstract

Genomic instability is a hallmark of cancer related to DNA damage response (DDR) deficiencies, offering vulnerabilities for targeted treatment. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) interfere with the efficient repair of DNA damage, particularly in tumors with existing defects in DNA repair, and induce synthetic lethality. PARPi are active across a range of tumor types harboring BRCA mutations and also BRCA-negative cancers, such as ovarian, breast or prostate cancers with homologous recombination deficiencies (HRD). Depending on immune contexture, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-PD1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4, elicit potent antitumor effects and have been approved in various cancers types. Although major breakthroughs have been performed with either PARPi or ICIs alone in multiple cancers, primary or acquired resistance often leads to tumor escape. PARPi-mediated unrepaired DNA damages modulate the tumor immune microenvironment by a range of molecular and cellular mechanisms, such as increasing genomic instability, immune pathway activation, and PD-L1 expression on cancer cells, which might promote responsiveness to ICIs. In this context, PARPi and ICIs represent a rational combination. In this re...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear translocation
xenograft
biopsy
biopsies

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02484404
NCT02734004
NCT02657889
NCT02660034
NCT03330405
NCT03534492
NCT02571725
NCT02264678
NCT02546661

Software Mentioned

NEODURVARIB

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