Combined toxicity of microcystin-LR and copper on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Chemosphere
Qing CaoLiqiang Xie

Abstract

Microcystins and copper commonly co-exist in the natural environment, but their combined toxicity remains unclear, especially in terrestrial plants. The present study investigated the toxicity effects of microcystin-LR (0, 5, 50, 500, 1000 μg L-1) and copper (0, 50, 500, 1000, 2000 μg L-1), both individually and in mixture, on the germination, growth and oxidative response of lettuce. The bioaccumulation of microcystin-LR and copper was also evaluated. Results showed that the decrease in lettuce germination induced by copper alone was not significantly different from that induced by the mixture, and the combined toxicity assessment showed a simple additive effect. Lettuce growth was not significantly reduced by microcystin-LR alone, whereas it was significantly reduced by copper alone and the mixture when copper concentration was higher than 500 μg L-1. High concentrations of microcystin-LR (1000 μg L-1) and copper (≥50 μg L-1),as well as their mixture (≥50 + 500 μg L-1), induced oxidative stress in lettuce. A synergistic effect on the growth and antioxidative system of lettuce was observed when exposed to low concentrations of the mixture (≤50 + 500 μg L-1), whereas an antagonistic effect was observed at high concentrations (≥...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 10, 2019·Pest Management Science·Kelvin K KeringHongping Wei
Sep 6, 2019·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·Patrick Amoatey, Mahad Said Baawain
Dec 19, 2020·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Zong-Yao QianQi-Ming Xian
Aug 18, 2020·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Qing CaoLiuyan Yang
Dec 9, 2020·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Ya MaHuizhen Zhang
Jan 20, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Huimin WeiZhi Wang

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