Common origin of plasmid encoded alpha-hemolysin genes in Escherichia coli.

BMC Microbiology
Ylanna Kelner Burgos, Lothar Beutin

Abstract

Alpha (alpha)-hemolysin is a pore forming cytolysin and serves as a virulence factor in intestinal and extraintestinal pathogenic strains of E. coli. It was suggested that the genes encoding alpha-hemolysin (hlyCABD) which can be found on the chromosome and plasmid, were acquired through horizontal gene transfer. Plasmid-encoded alpha-hly is associated with certain enterotoxigenic (ETEC), shigatoxigenic (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains. In uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), the alpha-hly genes are located on chromosomal pathogenicity islands. Previous work suggested that plasmid and chromosomally encoded alpha-hly may have evolved independently. This was explored in our study. We have investigated 11 alpha-hly plasmids from animal and human ETEC, STEC and EPEC strains. The size of alpha-hly plasmids ranges from 48-157 kb and eight plasmids are conjugative. The regulatory gene (hlyR) located upstream of the hlyCABD gene operon and an IS911 element located downstream of hlyD are conserved. Chromosomally-encoded alpha-hly operons lack the hlyR and IS911 elements. The DNA sequence of hlyC and hlyA divided the plasmid- and chromosomally-encoded alpha-hemolysins into two clusters. The plasmid-encoded alpha-hly genes coul...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 21, 2012·Future Microbiology·Travis J Wiles, Matthew A Mulvey
Jul 19, 2013·Critical Reviews in Microbiology·Mario Juhas
Mar 5, 2016·Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology·Hengameh Chloé Mirsepasi-LauridsenJerry M Wells
Sep 25, 2017·World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology·Paula Andrea Rojas-Pinzón, Jenny Dussán
Jun 25, 2015·Microbiology Spectrum·Lothar Beutin, Patrick Fach
Jun 25, 2015·Microbiology Spectrum·Manuela Di Lorenzo, Michiel Stork

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AJ488511
AJ494981
FM180012
M14107
FM210248
X07565
M14105
FN678780
CP001162
FN678785

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
PCRs
reverse transcription PCR

Software Mentioned

7500 system SDS
UPGMA
Accelrys Gene
Lasergene
Accelrys
clustal
BLAST
Clustal W
DNASTAR

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