Community violence exposure and post-traumatic stress reactions among Gambian youth: the moderating role of positive school climate.

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
Deborah A O'DonnellMary Schwab-Stone

Abstract

Community violence exposure among youth can lead to various negative outcomes, including post-traumatic stress symptoms. Research in the Western world indicates that a number of social support factors may moderate the relation between violence exposure and internalizing symptoms. Little research has been carried out in non-Western countries. This study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the relations among violence exposure, parental warmth, positive school climate, and post-traumatic stress reactions among youth in The Republic of The Gambia, Africa. A school-based survey of youth behaviors, feelings, attitudes, and perceptions was administered to 653 students at senior secondary schools in four Gambian communities. Students reported high levels of exposure to violence. Over half of students reported witnessing someone threatened with serious physical harm, beaten up or mugged, attacked or stabbed with a knife/piece of glass, or seriously wounded in an incident of violence. Nearly half of students reported being beaten up or mugged during the past year, and nearly a quarter reported being threatened with serious physical harm. There were no sex differences in levels of exposure. Traumatic stress symptoms were common, especial...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 5, 2012·European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·Laia SolerMaria Forns
Jan 17, 2012·Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology·Fernando L VázquezPatricia Otero
Jul 24, 2012·Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology·Siyan YiMasamine Jimba
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Jun 27, 2015·Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53·Emily J OzerJennifer Price Wolf

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