Comparative anatomy and muscle architecture of selected hind limb muscles in the Quarter Horse and Arab

Journal of Anatomy
T C CrookR C Payne

Abstract

The Quarter Horse (bred for acceleration) and the Arab (bred for endurance) are situated at either end of the equine athletic spectrum. Studies into the form and function of the leg muscles in human sprint and endurance runners have demonstrated that differences exist in their muscle architecture. It is not known whether similar differences exist in the horse. Six Quarter Horse and six Arab fresh hind limb cadavers were dissected to gain information on the muscle mass and architecture of the following muscles: gluteus medius; biceps femoris; semitendinosus; vastus lateralis; gastrocnemius; tibialis cranialis and extensor digitorum longus. Specifically, muscle mass, fascicle length and pennation angle were quantified and physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) and maximum isometric force were estimated. The hind limb muscles of the Quarter Horse were of a significantly greater mass, but had similar fascicle lengths and pennation angles when compared with those of the Arab; this resulted in the Quarter Horse hind limb muscles having greater PCSAs and hence greater isometric force potential. This study suggests that Quarter Horses as a breed inherently possess large strong hind limb muscles, with the potential to accelerate thei...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1987·Journal of Morphology·C Gans, F de Vree
May 1, 1966·The Journal of Physiology·A M GordonF J Julian
Aug 1, 1984·Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology·T L WickiewiczV R Edgerton
Dec 1, 1984·Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology·P L PowellV R Edgerton
Mar 1, 1993·Equine Veterinary Journal·H W MerkensA J Van den Bogert
Jul 1, 1996·Research in Veterinary Science·J L Rivero, P Henckel
Oct 24, 1997·Journal of Applied Physiology·I LangsetmoD C Poole
Jul 15, 1998·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·T AbeJ B Brown
Mar 10, 2000·Journal of Applied Physiology·K KumagaiM Mizuno
Jun 22, 2000·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·T AbeW F Brechue
Sep 28, 2000·Journal of Biomechanics·C N Maganaris, J P Paul
Jan 4, 2001·European Journal of Applied Physiology·C F KearnsW F Brechue
Nov 28, 2001·Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement·J L RiveroE Aguilera-Tejero
Jul 18, 2002·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Scott Medler
Oct 31, 2002·Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement·H M ClaytonJ L Lanovaz
Mar 8, 2003·The Journal of Experimental Biology·M Polly McGuigan, Alan M Wilson
Aug 9, 2003·Journal of Morphology·Nicholas A T BrownMarcus G Pandy
Dec 4, 2003·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Anthony J BlazevichRobert U Newton
Jan 14, 2004·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Darren J DuttoSteven J Wickler
Sep 2, 2004·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Darren J DuttoSteven J Wickler
Sep 17, 2004·The Journal of Experimental Biology·T H WitteA M Wilson
Dec 22, 2004·Journal of Anatomy·R C PayneA M Wilson
Jun 18, 2005·Journal of Anatomy·R C PayneA M Wilson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 3, 2016·The Veterinary Journal·José-Luis L Rivero, Emmeline W Hill
May 27, 2011·Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement·T C CrookE Hodson-Tole
Aug 21, 2019·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Monika Stefaniuk-SzmukierKatarzyna Ropka-Molik
Aug 25, 2019·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Zoe T Self DaviesAlan M Wilson
Jan 24, 2021·Scientific Reports·Kaitlyn C LeonardAdam Hartstone-Rose
Apr 4, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Johanna DietrichHanna Schöpper

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.