Comparative effectiveness of 4 natural and chemical activators of Nrf2 on inflammation, oxidative stress, macrophage polarization, and bactericidal activity in an in vitro macrophage infection model.

PloS One
Malika AliTherese B Deramaudt

Abstract

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the defense response of the innate immune system against pathogen infection. In this study, we selected 4 compounds for their potential or proven anti-inflammatory and/or anti-microbial properties to test on our in vitro model of bacteria-infected THP-1-derived macrophages. We first compared the capacity of sulforaphane (SFN), wogonin (WG), oltipraz (OTZ), and dimethyl fumarate (DMF) to induce the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key regulator of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory response pathways. Next, we performed a comparative evaluation of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacies of the 4 selected compounds. THP-1-derived macrophages and LPS-stimulated macrophages were treated with each compound and expression levels of genes coding for inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were quantified by RT-qPCR. Moreover, expression levels of genes coding for M1 (IL-23, CCR7, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and M2 (PPARγ, MRC1, CCL22, and IL-10) markers were determined in classically-activated M1 macrophages treated with each compound. Finally, the effects of each compound on the intracellular bacterial survival of gram-negative E. coli and gram-positive S. aureus in ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 5, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Andrea Mahn, Antonio Castillo
Jul 13, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Zulqarnain BalochXueshan Xia
Jul 6, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Meirong LiXiaobing Fu
Oct 26, 2021·International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents·Nadia MazarakisPaul V Licciardi

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GM-CSF

Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear translocation
Assay
Protein Assay
PMA
PCR
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

de Image Studio Lite
Image J
Rad CFX manager
Image Studio Lite

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