Comparative validity of vitamin C and carotenoids as indicators of fruit and vegetable intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

The British Journal of Nutrition
Mary PennantLaura Johnson

Abstract

Circulating vitamin C and carotenoids are used as biomarkers of fruit and vegetable intake in research, but their comparative validity has never been meta-analysed. PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL and Web of Science were systematically searched up to December 2013 for randomised trials of different amounts of fruit and vegetable provision on changes in blood concentrations of carotenoids or vitamin C. Reporting followed PRISMA guidelines. Evidence quality was assessed using the GRADE system. Random effects meta-analysis combined estimates and meta-regression tested for sub-group differences. In all, nineteen fruit and vegetable trials (n 1382) measured at least one biomarker, of which nine (n 667) included five common carotenoids and vitamin C. Evidence quality was low and between-trial heterogeneity (I 2) ranged from 74% for vitamin C to 94 % for α-carotene. Groups provided with more fruit and vegetables had increased blood concentrations of vitamin C, α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and lutein but not lycopene. However, no clear dose-response effect was observed. Vitamin C showed the largest between-group difference in standardised mean change from the pre-intervention to the post-intervention period (smd 0·94; 95% CI...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 18, 2016·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Shreesh OjhaMohanraj Rajesh
Mar 30, 2017·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Jayne V WoodsideMichelle C McKinley
Oct 4, 2017·Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research : a Publication of Dietitians of Canada = Revue Canadienne De La Pratique Et De La Recherche En Diététique : Une Publication Des Diététistes Du Canada·Jacynthe LafrenièreSimone Lemieux
Oct 1, 2018·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health·Marleen Antonetta Helena Lentjes
May 19, 2019·Nutrients·Catalina PicóAndreu Palou
Apr 20, 2017·International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance·Nathan A LewisCharles R Pedlar
Jul 19, 2020·Antioxidants·Azahara I RupérezConcepción M Aguilera
Dec 7, 2018·Genes & Nutrition·Marynka UlaszewskaClaudine Manach
Oct 31, 2020·Nutrition and Cancer·Amber NareshJennifer Cameron
May 7, 2021·Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism·Teresa LouroElsa Lamy

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