Comparing and evaluating alternative (in vitro) tests on their ability to predict the Draize maximum average score

Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA
R A LordoS D Gettings

Abstract

The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association (CTFA) Evaluation of Alternatives Program comprised a multi-phased study of the relationship between Draize eye irritation test data and comparable data from a selection of promising alternative (in vitro) tests. The CTFA Program was designed to determine the effectiveness and limitations of several in vitro tests over a range of different cosmetic and personal-care product types. Test materials constituted experimental formulations representative of three distinct product types. Each material was tested in vivo (according to a modified Draize eye irritation test protocol) and in vitro (according to one of up to forty different protocols). A statistical ranking and selection procedure ("concordance analysis") was used to identify those in vitro tests where the relationships between in vitro and in vivo score was sufficiently well defined to warrant further statistical analysis. In vitro test performance was then evaluated by regression modelling of these relationships. Maximum average Draize score (MAS) was utilized as the primary quantitative measure of eye irritation potential in vivo. The goodness-of-fit of the observed data to the regression model and comparison of the magni...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1994·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·S D GettingsR Gay
Jan 1, 1996·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·S D GettingsJ Zyracki
Jan 1, 1997·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·P FederJ Springer
Dec 1, 1995·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·M BallsH Spielmann
Aug 1, 1996·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·L H BrunerR D Curren
Oct 1, 1996·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·D P Lovell

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 26, 2006·Bulletin of Mathematical Biology·Maykel Cruz-MonteagudoYenny González-Díaz
Jan 26, 2010·Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods·Frank A Barile
Mar 27, 2013·Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology·Sanjay L Dholakiya, Frank A Barile
Mar 20, 2010·Annual Review of Public Health·Sherry Glied, Nicholas Tilipman
Oct 1, 2005·Alternatives to Laboratory Animals : ATLA·Chantra EskesValérie Zuang

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.