Abstract
We compared the vaccine effectiveness of monovalent and combination hepatitis B vaccine regimens in infants born to chronic hepatitis B carrier mothers. An observational cohort of neonates was recruited over 78 months from two public hospital maternity units in Singapore. We enrolled term infants, born to chronic hepatitis B surface antigen-positive mothers regardless of their hepatitis Be antigen status, who completed the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination programme in Singapore. Infants born to mothers on antiviral therapy, or with concurrent hepatitis C or human immunodeficiency virus infection were excluded. All infants received hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth. One group received three doses of monovalent hepatitis B vaccine (0, 1, 6 months) (regimen A). The other group received two doses of monovalent vaccine, followed by one dose combination vaccine DTaP-IPV-Hib-HBV (0, 1, 6 months) (regimen B). Vaccine effectiveness was determined by immunoprophylaxis failure leading to HBV vertical transmission. Immunogenicity was assessed by hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) levels at 9 months of age. Total of 177 term neonates received regimen A and 115 received regimen B. Immunoprophylaxis failure rate was low, 2.3 and 2.6...Continue Reading
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