PMID: 9188109Jan 1, 1997Paper

Comparison between three transmucosal routes of administration of midazolam in children

Paediatric Anaesthesia
G GeldnerK Jacobi

Abstract

Midazolam was applied transmucosally in 47 children randomly assigned to three different groups. Group N received 0.2 mg.kg-1 nasally, group R 0.5 mg.kg-1 rectally, and group S 0.2 mg.kg-1 sublingually. All groups were treated 60 min prior to a planned i.v. puncture with EMLA. Reliable and valid psychological parameters (such as emotional situation, shivering, awareness, respiratory rate and facial colour) were scored after premedication and before and after i.v. puncture, 20 min after premedication and until induction. A blood sample was drawn 10, 30 and 60 min after premedication and the levels of midazolam, alpha-hydroxy-midazolam, ACTH, glucose and cortisol were measured. In all three groups the plasma levels of midazolam 10 min after premedication were higher than 70 ng.ml-1 (accepted as a sedative level). 30 min after premedication the midazolam level in the sublingual group was statistically significantly higher than in the nasal group and the psychological parameters in all three groups were significantly changed (10 min after premedication). The psychological parameters were not significantly different between the three groups over the whole study. Sublingual premedication has some advantages (most readily accepted, hi...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 5, 2006·Advances in Therapy·Selman Vefa YildirimKursad Tokel
Feb 28, 2001·Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia = Journal Canadien D'anesthésie·U A PanditM J Siewert
May 4, 2007·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Henry R CostantinoSteven C Quay
Jun 27, 2006·Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America·Renée McCulloch, John J Collins
Mar 25, 2005·Paediatric Anaesthesia·Per-Arne Lönnqvist, Walid Habre
Jul 11, 2008·Paediatric Anaesthesia·Nesrin Bozdogan, Selman Vefa Yildirim
Oct 26, 2005·Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics·Waseem JerjesColin Hopper
Dec 11, 2002·Paediatric Anaesthesia·Alexander KoganLeonid A Eidelman
Dec 4, 1998·Paediatric Anaesthesia·S KhalilN A Lemak
Jul 6, 2005·Journal of Child Neurology·Judith C D BrevoordMatthijs de Hoog
Jul 19, 2005·Lancet·Max Wiznitzer
Apr 4, 2014·International Journal of Pediatrics·Gian Maria Pacifici
Aug 3, 2002·CNS Drugs·Robert S Fisher, Jet Ho
Jul 20, 2002·Clinical Pharmacokinetics·Hao ZhangJames B Streisand
Jan 1, 2013·The Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry·Radhika ChopraPayal Chaudhuri
Dec 31, 2005·Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·Ozgül AltintasYusuf Caglar

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