Comparison of cannabinoid pharmacokinetic properties in occasional and heavy users smoking a marijuana or placebo joint

Journal of Analytical Toxicology
Stefan W ToennesGerold F Kauert

Abstract

Cannabinoid pharmacokinetics in occasional users is well studied, but the interpretation of data from heavy users is difficult. In the present study, blood pharmacokinetic properties were investigated in occasional and heavy users in cannabis and placebo conditions. The results obtained with occasional users were in contrast to those of the heavy users who admitted cannabis use on 4-25 occasions during the previous week. Of the 12 heavy users, 10 exhibited up to 12.3 microg/L Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) prior to smoking. During the 8 h after smoking, the distribution and elimination patterns were comparable to those of the occasional users and the concentrations returned to 68-196% (median 110%) of the initial values. However, the maximal concentration and the areas under the curves were significantly higher with marked interindividual variation. In contrast to the cannabis conditions, the THC concentrations in the placebo phase decreased more slowly (elimination half-life 17.5-43.5 h vs. 1.0-5.9 h) in accordance with a late elimination phase. The elimination half-lives of 11-hydroxy-THC and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC in th cannabis conditions (medians 3.1 h and 6.2 h, respectively) were longer than those of THC, which was di...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 1, 2010·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Stefan W ToennesJohannes G Ramaekers
Aug 21, 2013·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Sebastien AnizanMarilyn A Huestis
Feb 23, 2013·Journal of Analytical Toxicology·Stefan W ToennesJohannes G Ramaekers
Nov 5, 2010·Psychopharmacology·Johannes G RamaekersGerhold Kauert
Nov 27, 2015·Drug Testing and Analysis·Daniela MarchettiNadia De Giovanni
Jun 13, 2015·Traffic Injury Prevention·Ed WoodPhillip Drum
Sep 18, 2012·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Marie FabritiusChristian Giroud
Mar 17, 2012·Behavioural Brain Research·Lauren C Harte-Hargrove, Diana L Dow-Edwards
Nov 1, 2013·Drug Testing and Analysis·Marie FabritiusChristian Giroud
Oct 11, 2013·British Journal of Pharmacology·J H P van WelJ G Ramaekers
Jul 8, 2014·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Marie FabritiusChristian Giroud
Jul 7, 2015·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Rebecca L HartmanMarilyn A Huestis
Nov 14, 2014·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Stefan W ToennesAlexander Paulke
May 27, 2016·Scientific Reports·J G RamaekersR J Verkes
Jan 13, 2015·Journal of Psychopharmacology·J H P van WelJ G Ramaekers
Feb 23, 2018·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Jennifer A ManuzakNichole R Klatt
Jun 28, 2018·Journal of Psychopharmacology·Nadia Rpw HuttenJohannes G Ramaekers
Apr 17, 2018·Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology·Régis BouquiéPascale Jolliet
Jul 13, 2018·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·Catherine J LucasJennifer Schneider
Jan 31, 2019·Drug Testing and Analysis·Michael KraemerCornelius Hess
Oct 8, 2015·European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·James K RuffleAdam D Farmer
Feb 26, 2020·Neurosurgery·Teddy E KimWesley Hsu
Oct 8, 2015·Scientific Reports·Bjoern MoosmannVolker Auwärter
Oct 12, 2018·Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology·Hyunyoung G KimPaul Tullar
Dec 18, 2020·Frontiers in Neurology·Paola PerinCinzia Boselli
Jan 11, 2021·Advances in Biological Regulation·Pratibha MalhotraMarco Falasca
Mar 3, 2020·Forensic Science International : Synergy·J Mørland, J G Bramness

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